| Web resource | URL | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Venom and toxin specific | ||
| ArachnoServer | https://arachnoserver.qfab.org/mainMenu.html | DB and prediction tools of spider toxins |
| ConoServer | http://www.conoserver.org/ | DB and prediction tools of cone snail toxins |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Tox-Prot | https://www.uniprot.org/program/Toxins | DB of venom proteins from all taxa |
| VenomZone | https://venomzone.expasy.org/ | Webportal with information on venoms from major venomous taxa |
| T3DB | http://www.t3db.ca | CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE - DB of toxin data and target information, and tools for toxin metabolism and toxin/drug interaction predictions |
| ToxDL | http://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/ToxDL/ | Protein toxicity predictor with deep learning |
| ToxinPred | https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/toxinpred/index.html | Peptide toxicity predictor and tool for predicting toxicity of peptides and small proteins and designing peptides with desired toxicity |
| ToxinPred2 | https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/toxinpred2/ | Toxin predictor and tool for predicting the toxicity of proteins |
| ToxinPred3 | https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/toxinpred3/ | Upgraded version of ToxinPred, peptide toxicity predictor and tool for predicting toxicity of peptides and small proteins |
| VenoMS | https://www.venoms.ch | Low molecular mass spider toxin database |
| ToxClassifier | http://bioserv7.bioinfo.pbf.hr/ToxClassifier/ | CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE - Toxin predictor |
| VenomKB | http://venomkb.tatonettilab.org | CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE - Knowledgebase for aggregating and identifying therapeutic uses of animal venoms and venom compounds |
| Raw data repositories | ||
| DDBJ | https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp | Nucleotide sequencing data (DNA databank of Japan) |
| DDBJ | https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/dra/ | Sequence Read Archive (SRA) data |
| ENA | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/home | Nucleotide sequencing data (European Nucleotide Archive) |
| GenBank | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/ | Nucleotide sequencing data |
| GenBank | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/ | Sequence Read Archive (SRA) data |
| MassiVE | https://massive.ucsd.edu/ProteoSAFe/static/massive.jsp | Mass spectrometry proteomics data |
| PRIDE | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/ | Mass spectrometry proteomics data |
| PASSEL | https://peptideatlas.org/passel/ | Selected reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) data |
| PDBe | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/deposition-services | 3D macromolecular structures and EM volume maps |
| BMRB | https://bmrb.io | Various kinds of Data including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data, X-ray, electron microscopy, etc |
| EMDB | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/emdb/ | Repository for cryogenic-sample Electron Microscopy (cryoEM) volumes and representative tomograms of macromolecular complexes and subcellular structures |
| Genes, proteins, and other compounds | ||
| UniProtKB | https://www.uniprot.org/ | Comprehensive resource for protein sequence and annotation data curated by the EMBL-EBI, SIB and PIR |
| NCBI Nucleotide | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore | Collection of sequences from several sources, including Genbank, RefSeq, TPA and PDB |
| NCBI RefSeq | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/ | Set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein. Provides a stable reference for genome annotation, gene identification and comparative analyses |
| NCBI Gene | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene | DB of genes with information including nomenclature, chromosomal localisation, gene products and more |
| NCBI Genome | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome | Sequence and map data from whole genomes |
| NCBI protein DB | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein | Protein sequence records from a variety of sources including GenPept, RefSeq, Swiss-Prot, PIR, PRF, and PDB |
| NCBI TSA | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/wgs/?view=TSA | DB of computationally assembled transcript sequences from primary data such as ESTs and RNA-Seq technologies |
| Ensembl | https://www.ensembl.org/ | Genome browser for vertebrate genomes with tools for comparative analysis and predictions |
| Ensembl Metazoa | http://metazoa.ensembl.org/index.html | Gene and genome data for Metazoan species |
| Ensembl Genome | http://ensemblgenomes.org | Genome data for non-vertebrate species with tools for manipulation, analysis and visualisation |
| GenomeArk | https://www.genomeark.org | DB of genome sequencing and assembly data generated by the Earth BioGenome Project, the Vertebrate Genomes Project, the Telomere-to-Telomere Consortium, and other related projects. |
| PeptideAtlas | https://peptideatlas.org | Multiorganism compendium of peptides identified from mass spectrometry data |
| Kalium DB | https://kaliumdb.org | DB of polypeptidic ligands of potassium channels |
| ScrepYard | https://screpyard.org | DB of secreted cysteine-rich repeat peptides |
| Sequence submission | ||
| UniProtKB submissions and updates | https://www.uniprot.org/help/submissions | UniProt submission and updates portal, linked to protein sequences |
| NCBI submission portal | https://submit.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | NCBI submission and updates portal, linked to nucleotide sequences |
| DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Submission | https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/ddbj/submission-e.html | DDBJ submission and updates portal, linked to nucleotide sequences |
| ENA Submitting and updating data | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/submit | ENA submission and updates portal, linked to nucleotide sequences |
| 3D structure, peptide prediction and molecular docking | ||
| RCSB-PDB | https://www.rcsb.org | Archive of 3D structure data for large biological molecules in USA (Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics-PDB) |
| PDBe | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/ | Archive of 3D structure data for large biological molecules in Europe (EMBL-EBI) |
| PDBj | https://pdbj.org/ | Archive of 3D structure data for large biological molecules in Japan |
| PDBsum | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl | Structural summaries of PDB entries |
| BMRB | https://bmrb.io | Archive spectral and quantitative data derived from nuclear magnetic resonance |
| EMDB (Electron Microscopy Data Bank | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/emdb/ | Repository of 3D density maps obtained by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) for macromolecular complexes and subcellular structures |
| AlphaFold Protein Structure DB | https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk | DB of protein structure predictions based on an AI system developed by GoogleDeepMind |
| AlphaFold2 | https://colab.research.google.com/github/sokrypton/ColabFold/blob/main/AlphaFold2.ipynb | Server for the prediction of 3D structure from amino acid sequences |
| AlphaFold3 | https://alphafoldserver.com/welcome | Server for the prediction of 3D structure from proteins, DNA, RNA with ligands and ions. |
| AlphaFold Server | https://alphafoldserver.com/welcome | Web service, powered by AlphaFold 3, that can predict structures containing proteins, DNA, RNA, ligands, ions, and also model chemical modifications for proteins and nucleic acids |
| SWISS-MODEL repository (SMR) | https://swissmodel.expasy.org/ | Automated protein structure homology-modeling server |
| RoseTTAFold | https://robetta.bakerlab.org/ | Protein structure and interaction prediction server including RoseTTAFold and TrRosetta |
| SwissDock | http://www.swissdock.ch | Web service that predicts molecular interactions between a target protein and a small molecule |
| ClusPro | https://cluspro.bu.edu/home.php | Web service for protein?protein docking |
| PeSTo (Protein Structure Transformer | https://pesto.epfl.ch/ | Web service for predicting protein interaction interfaces with other proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, small molecules, and ions from a protein structure |
| HADDOCK (High Ambiguity Driven protein-protein DOCKing) | https://rascar.science.uu.nl/haddock2.4/ | Web service for information-driven flexible docking used to model biomolecular complexes |
| KNOTTIN | https://www.dsimb.inserm.fr/KNOTTIN/index.php | DB and prediction tools of small disulfide-rich proteins characterised by cysteine knots |
| Peptide Ranker | http://distilldeep.ucd.ie/PeptideRanker/ | Server for the prediction of bioactive peptides based on a neural network |
| PEP-FOLD3 | https://bioserv.rpbs.univ-paris-diderot.fr/services/PEP-FOLD3/ | Tool for prediction of peptide structure from amino acid sequences |
| PEP-FOLD4 | http://bioserv.rpbs.univ-paris-diderot.fr/services/PEP-FOLD4 | Improved version of PEP-FOLD3 that considers pH and ionic strength variation |
| Gene function, interactions and networks | ||
| Gene ontology (GO) knowledgebase | http://geneontology.org/ | Human- and machine-readable source of information on the functions of genes |
| STRING | https://string-db.org/ | DB of protein associations, including both physical interactions and functional associations |
| KEGG | https://www.genome.jp/kegg/ | DB for understanding high-level functions and utilities of the biological system, such as the cell, the organism and the ecosystem, from genomic and molecular-level information |
| IntAct | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/home | DB and analysis tools for molecular interaction data |
| Bgee | https://www.bgee.org | DB for retrieval and comparison of gene expression patterns across animal species |
| DDBJ GEA | https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/gea/ | Gene expression repository from array- and sequencing-based data |
| NCBI GEO | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ | Gene expression repository from array- and sequencing-based data |
| ENA ArrayExpress | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/arrayexpress | Gene expression repository from array- and sequencing-based data |
| Pannzer2 | http://ekhidna2.biocenter.helsinki.fi/sanspanz/ | Fully automated service for functional annotation of proteins of unknown function |
| Philius | https://www.yeastrc.org/philius/pages/philius/runPhilius.jsp | Transmembrane prediction server |
| SignalP | https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/services/SignalP-6.0/ | Prediction of signal peptides and their cleavage sites from amino acid sequences |
| Phobius | https://phobius.sbc.su.se | Combined transmembrane topology and signal peptide predictor tool |
| WoLF PSORT | https://wolfpsort.hgc.jp | Protein subcellular localisation prediction |
| The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource | http://elm.eu.org/ | Resource for annotation and detection of Eukaryotic Linear Motifs (ELM) or Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs) of adjacent amino acids |
| WashU Epigenome Browser | https://epigenomegateway.wustl.edu/browser/ | Genomics data exploration tool for the visualisation, integration and analysis of epigenomic datasets |
| Gene families and classification | ||
| Gene ontology (GO) knowledgebase | http://geneontology.org/ | Human- and machine-readable source of information on the functions of genes |
| Blast2GO | https://www.biobam.com/blast2go/ | Tool for functional annotation using BLAST and Gene Ontology |
| Pfam | http://pfam.xfam.org/ | Protein families DB containing multiple sequence alignments and hidden Markov models (HMMs). AVAILABLE. NO LONGER UPDATED |
| Interpro | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/ | Resource providing functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites |
| CATH-Gene3D | https://www.cathdb.info/ | DB of protein domains classified by structure and evolutionary relationships (Class, Architecture, Topology, and Homology-Gene3D) |
| PANTHER | https://www.pantherdb.org | Comprehensive information about the evolution of protein-coding gene families (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) |
| SMART | http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de/ | Web resource for identification, annotation, and analysis of protein domains and architectures using curated domain models with evolutionary and functional context (Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool) |
| SUPERFAMILY | http://supfam.org/SUPERFAMILY/ | DB of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes |
| The HMMER web server | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/hmmer/home | Tool using hidden Markov models for homology search and protein function analysis from sequence data |
| Quest for Orthologs | https://questfororthologs.org/orthology_databases | List of orthology databases |
| OrthoDB | https://www.orthodb.org | Hierarchical catalog of orthologs - mapping genomics to functional data |
| OMA | https://omabrowser.org/oma/home/ | DB and method for the inference of orthologs among complete genomes |
| NCBI COG | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/cog | DB of clusters of orthologous genes |
| PhylomeDB | http://phylomedb.org | DB of catalogues of gene phylogenies with phylogenetic trees, orthology predictions and multi-sequence alignments |
| BLAST | https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi | Basic Local Alignment Search Tool which finds regions of similarity between nucleotide or amino acid sequences |
| PROSITE | https://prosite.expasy.org | DB of protein domains, families and functional sites |
| NCBI CDD | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml | Collection of well-annotated multiple sequence alignment models for ancient domains and full-length proteins (conserved domain DB) |
| Metabolites, lipids, and small molecules | ||
| MetaNetX | https://www.metanetx.org/ | Resource unifying metabolites and biochemical reactions between 12 different resources |
| MetaboLights | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/ | DB for metabolomics experiments and derived information |
| HMDB | https://hmdb.ca/ | DB of small metabolites found in the human body |
| KEGG COMPOUND | https://www.genome.jp/kegg/compound/ | DB of small molecules, biopolymers, and other chemical substances relevant to biological systems, linked to pathways, reactions, and disease networks |
| ChEBI | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/ | Dictionary of molecular entities focused on 'small' chemical compounds (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) |
| MetaCyc | https://metacyc.org/ | DB of metabolites, reactions, pathways, enzymes, and genes from all domains of life |
| NCBI PubChem | https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | DB containing chemical information on a variety of compounds |
| SwissLipids | https://www.swisslipids.org/ | DB of lipids and their biology |
| LIPID MAPS | https://www.lipidmaps.org/ | Lipid portal providing standardized lipid classification, DBs, and tools to support lipidomics research. Enables lipid identification and analysis from biological samples (LIPID Metabolites And Pathways Strategy) |
| ChemDB | http://cdb.ics.uci.edu/ | Chemical DB of small molecules with information such as 3D structure, physicochemical properties, and many tools |
| PTM / glycosylation | ||
| iPTMnet | https://research.bioinformatics.udel.edu/iptmnet/ | PTM resource integrating data mining, literature, and bioinformatics tools |
| GlyCosmos | https://glycosmos.org/ | Glycoscience portal integrating glycan, glycomics, and glycoconjugate data, with access to related genes, proteins, lipids, pathways, diseases, and glycomes |
| glyco@Expasy | https://www.expasy.org/resources/glyco-expasy | Glycoscience portal centralizing glycoinformatics resources and web tools in glycobiology and glycoproteomics |
| Enzymes and biochemical reactions | ||
| ENZYME | https://enzyme.expasy.org/ | Repository of information relative to the nomenclature of enzymes |
| Rhea | https://www.rhea-db.org | DB for chemical and transport reactions that uses the chemical dictionary |
| KEGG REACTION | https://www.genome.jp/kegg/reaction/ | DB of chemical reactions |
| KEGG PATHWAY | https://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html | Collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing our knowledge of the molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks |
| MetaCyc | https://metacyc.org/ | DB of metabolites, reactions, pathways, enzymes, and genes from all domains of life |
| BRENDA | https://www.brenda-enzymes.org/ | DB of functional, biochemical, and molecular biological information on enzymes, including reactions, substrates, and kinetics (BRaunschweig ENzyme DAtabase) |
| Pharmacology and drugs | ||
| IUPHAR | https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/ | Resource of pharmacological targets and substances that act on them |
| ChEMBL | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/ | Large-scale DB of bioactive, drug-like molecules integrating chemical, bioactivity, and genomic data to support drug discovery and medicinal research |
| DrugBank | https://go.drugbank.com/ | Comprehensive drug and drug-target DB integrating chemical, pharmacological, and clinical data to support drug discovery, research, development, and healthcare software integration |
| Taxonomy | ||
| Catalog of Life | https://www.catalogueoflife.org/ | Catalog of the world's species |
| GBIF | https://www.gbif.org/ | Catalog of data about all types of life on Earth |
| European Scorpion database | https://www.ntnu.no/ub/scorpion-files | Catalog of European scorpion |
| The Reptile Database | http://reptile-database.org | Catalog of reptiles |
| SnakeDB | http://snakedb.org/ | Catalog of snakes and relative venom toxicity (LD(50) |
| Spiders of Europe | https://araneae.nmbe.ch | Catalog of European spiders |
| World Spider Catalog | https://wsc.nmbe.ch | Catalog of world spiders |
| Repfocus | http://www.repfocus.dk | Catalog of reptiles |
| Snakebd | http://www.snakebd.com/ | Catalog of indigenous snake species of Bangladesh with respective venom composition |
| WoRMS | https://www.marinespecies.org | Authoritative classification and catalogue of marine species |
| NCBI Taxonomy | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/ | Primary DB for taxonomy of any organism |
| UniProt Taxonomy | https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy | UniProt taxonomy |
| Antimicrobial peptides | ||
| APD3 | https://aps.unmc.edu | Antimicrobial peptide DB |
| DRAMP | http://dramp.cpu-bioinfor.org | Data Repository of Antimicrobial Peptides harboring annotations including patents and clinical trials and therapeutic applications (Data Repository of AntiMicrobial Peptides) |
| DBAASP | https://dbaasp.org/home | Database of Antimicrobial Activity and Structure of Peptides providing information and analytical resources for designing antimicrobial compounds with a high therapeutic index |
| CAMPR3 | http://www.camp3.bicnirrh.res.in | Collection of anti-microbial peptides containing information related to sequence, protein definition, accession numbers, activity, source organism, target organisms and more. |
| LAMP2 | http://biotechlab.fudan.edu.cn/database/lamp/ | Resource and tools for antimicrobial peptide studies CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE |
| Anticancer peptides and proteins | ||
| canSAR | https://cansar.ai | Portal for multidisciplinary data search and AI predictions useful for drug discovery |
| PaccMann | https://huggingface.co/spaces/jannisborn/paccmann | Web service for anticancer compound sensitivity prediction |
| Evicor | https://www.evicor.org | Web platform for exploration of molecular features and response to anti-cancer drugs |
| ApInAPDB | http://bioinf.modares.ac.ir/software/ApInAPDB/ | Apoptosis-inducing anticancer peptides database CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE |
| CancerPPD | http://crdd.osdd.net/raghava/cancerppd/ | DB of experimentally verified anticancer peptides and proteins AVAILABLE BUT NOT UPDATED SINCE 2015 |
| Human disease resources | ||
| DISGENET | https://disgenet.com/ | Gene-disease association network |
| OMIM | https://www.omim.org/ | Catalog of human genes and genetic disorders |
| Orphanet | https://www.orpha.net/ | Knowledge on rare diseases and orphan drugs |
| ClinPGx | https://www.clinpgx.org/ | Clinical pharmacogenomic (PGx) resource |
| Morphology | ||
| Uberon | http://obophenotype.github.io/uberon/ | Integrated cross-species anatomy ontology |
| Morphobank | https://morphobank.org/ | Homology of phenotypes over the web and a DB of peer-reviewed morphological matrices |
| Model organisms | ||
| SIMRbase | https://simrbase.stowers.org | Genome Browser for various species including the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and the worm anemone Scolanthus callimorphus |
| Hydra 2.0 Web portal | https://research.nhgri.nih.gov/hydra/ | Genome Browser and data search for Hydra vulgaris |
| Flybase | https://flybase.org/ | DB of Drosophila genes and genomes |
| Human protein Atlas | https://www.proteinatlas.org/ | Resource for exploration of the human proteome |
| Mouse Genome Informatics | https://www.informatics.jax.org/ | DB for the laboratory mouse, providing integrated genetic, genomic, and biological data |
| Mousephenotype | https://www.mousephenotype.org | Resource for mouse gene function |
| Rat Genome Database | https://rgd.mcw.edu/ | DB for genetic, genomic, phenotype, and disease-related data generated from rat research |
| Zebrafish | https://zfin.org | DB of genetic and genomic data for the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism |
| MolluscDB | http://mgbase.qnlm.ac | Integrated genomics DB for Mollusca |
| World Spider Trait database | https://spidertraits.sci.muni.cz | DB of morphological, ecological and other biological traits of spiders |
| GeneCards | https://www.genecards.org | Human Gene DB providing comprehensive information on all annotated and predicted human genes |
| Galleria mellonella | https://www.gmrcuk.org/ | The UK Hub for Galleria mellonella Research and Resources |
| Cell line resources | ||
| Cellosaurus | https://www.cellosaurus.org/ | A knowledge resource on cell lines used in biomedical research |
| Recombinant expression | ||
| Addgene | https://www.addgene.org/ | Repository of plasmids and antibodies |
| Resource portals | ||
| NCBI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | Comprehensive resource portal for biomedical and genomic data and tools from the National Library of Medicine |
| Expasy | https://www.expasy.org/ | Bioinformatics resource portal of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) providing access to over 160 databases and software tools for a range of life science domains. |
| Galaxy | https://usegalaxy.org | Web-based platform for genomics data including hundreds of tools |
| EMBL-EBI services | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/services | Molecular data resources and analysis tools maintained by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) |
| Database Commons | https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/databasecommons/ | Catalog of worldwide biological DBs |
| Ontobee | https://ontobee.org | Linked data server to facilitate ontology data sharing, visualization, query, integration, and analysis |
| OLS | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ | Repository for biomedical ontologies that aims to provide a single point of access to the latest ontology versions |
| BioPortal | https://bioportal.bioontology.org | Repository of biomedical ontologies |
| Clinical and public health toxinology | ||
| Toxbase | https://www.toxbase.org/ | Subscription-based clinical toxicology DB of the UK National Poisons Information Service |
| Merative Micromedex | https://www.micromedexsolutions.com/home/dispatch/ssl/true | Subscription-based resource for healthcare professionals including toxicology information |
| Munich AntiVenom Index (MAVIN) | https://www.antivenoms.toxinfo.med.tum.de | List of antivenom holding centers, venomous animals, and antivenoms. LAST UPDATE 2016 |
| Clinical Toxinology Resources | http://www.toxinology.com | Repository of information on venomous and poisonous animals, plants and mushrooms. |
| AfriTox | https://www.afritox.co.za | Subscription-based poisons information focused on Africa |
| Merative Micromedex | https://www.micromedexsolutions.com/home/dispatch | Subscription-based clinical resources for healthcare professionals |
| Toxinz | https://www.toxinz.com | Subscription-based resource of evidence-based information for the clinical management of poisoned patients |
| The AntiBodies Chemically Defined (ABCD) Database | https://web.expasy.org/abcd/ | Repository of sequenced antibodies, integrating curated information about the antibody and its antigen with cross-links to standardized DB of chemical and protein entities |
| Clinical research platform | https://clinicaltrials.gov/ | DB of clinical study registrations, protocols, participant criteria, interventions, locations, results summaries, adverse events, and links to related health information and publications |
| WHO Snakebite | https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/snakebite-envenoming/snakebite-information-and-data-platform | WHO snakebite information and data platform |
| WHO Antivenom | https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/snakebite-envenoming/antivenoms | WHO snakebite antivenom guidelines |
| Patent search tools and documentation | ||
| Espacenet from the European Patent Office (EPO) | https://worldwide.espacenet.com/ | Patent search tool from the European Patent Office (EPO), offering access to over 100 million patent documents from more than 100 countries |
| Patentscope from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | https://patentscope.wipo.int | Patent search tool from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) offering access to over 80 million international and national patent documents |
| International organisations | ||
| WHO | https://www.who.int | World Health Organisation with a section specific to snakebites and antivenoms |
| IUCN | https://www.iucn.org | Global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it |
| WAHIS | https://wahis.oie.int | Global animal health reference DB of the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) |
| IST | https://www.toxinology.org | The International Society of Toxinology |
| SFT | https://www.sftox.com | French Society of Toxinology |
| EAPCCT | https://www.eapcct.org | European Association of Poisons Control and Clinical Toxicology |
| AACT | https://www.clintox.org | American Academy of Clinical Toxicology |