Bothrops jararaca ~ VenomZone

Venom composition

Figure 1: Composition of toxin transcripts in newborn and adult cDNA libraries from B.jararaca venom glands (Zelanis et al., 2012). CRISP, PLA2 (phospholipase A2), L-amino-acid oxidase (flavin monoamine oxidase), C-type lectin (true venom lectin), SVMP (snake venom metalloproteinase), serine protease (peptidase S1), BPP-natriuretic peptide (bradykinin-potentiating peptide and natriuretic peptide, nerve-growth factor (NGF-beta), VEGF (vascular endothelium growth factor see PDGF/VEGF growth factor).

Ontogenic variations are quantitative as shown in Fig.1, but also qualitative when metalloproteinases are considered. Adult and newborn snakes have only a few metalloproteinase transcripts in common, the majority being specific for each transcriptome. In addition, the ratio of subfamilies of metalloproteinases is different, newborn snakes being rich in P-III subfamilies, and adult in P-I. Some other families (i.e. serine proteinases, bradykinin-potentiating peptides, C-type lectins and phospholipases A2) are common to both newborn and adult snakes whereas many families are identified as specific for the adult venom gland transcriptome (Zelanis et al., 2012).

Coagulant activity of newborn venom is higher than that of adult venom (Zelanis et al., 2010).

Clinical Effects, Treatment, Antivenoms See the Clinical Toxinology Resources Website.

Lethal dose Newborn venom
LD(50) is 3.33 mg/kg when intraperitoneally injected into mice.
LD(50) is 0.05 mg/kg when intramuscularly injected into chick.

Adult venom
LD(50) is 2.26 mg/kg when intraperitoneally injected into mice.
LD(50) is 1.36 mg/kg when intramuscularly injected into chick.
(Zelanis et al., 2010)

Infraorder:	Serpentes

Family:	Viperidae
Genus:	Bothrops
Species:	jararaca

Bothrops jararaca (jararaca) (taxid:8724)

Venom protein entries in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Bradykinin-potentiating peptide family

Bradykinin-potentiating peptide family; PHpG family; Natriuretic peptide family

Flavin monoamine oxidase family, FIG1 subfamily

Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase family

PDGF/VEGF growth factor family, Snake venom VEGF subfamily

Peptidase S1 family, Snake venom subfamily

Phospholipase A2 family, Group II subfamily

Phospholipase A2 family, Group II subfamily, D49 sub-subfamily

Snaclec family

True venom lectin family

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-I subfamily

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-II subfamily, P-IIa sub-subfamily

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-II subfamily, P-IIb sub-subfamily

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIa sub-subfamily

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIb sub-subfamily