Naja kaouthia ~ VenomZone

Venom composition

Figure 1: Venom proteome composition of Naja kaouthia, studied at proteomic level. A. from North-East India (Kakati et al., 2022), and B. from Thailand (Laustsen et al., 2015).
In the study of Kakati and colleagues (2022), the venom proteome is deciphered using the LC-MS/MS analysis of either the SDS-PAGE bands or the RP-HPLC peaks. Since venom proteomes obtained by these approaches are quite similar, only the venom proteome deciphered from the LC-MS/MS analysis of the SDS-PAGE bands is shown here. The major differences found with the LC-MS/MS analysis of RP-HPLC peaks are the lack of detection of 5'-NUC (5'-nucleotidase), PDE (phosphodiesterase), Cystatin, PLB (phospholipase B), and aminopeptidase, and an important detection (8%) of natriuretic peptides.

This venom contains the following families: 3FTXs (three-finger toxin), PA2 (phospholipase A2), SVMP (venom metalloproteinase), CVF (cobra venom factor), CRISP, 5'-NUC (5'-nucleotidase), PDE (phosphodiesterase), LAAO (flavin monoamine oxidase (L-amino acid oxidase)), NGF, Cystatin, VES (ohanin/vespryn), PLB (phospholipase B), aminopeptidase, AchE (acetylcholine esterase) (Kakati et al., 2022).

Two studies indicate that the proportion of neurotoxins of the three-finger toxin family are present in the venom at a higher percentage (55-70%) compared to cytotoxins (30-45%) (Laustsen et al., 2015 and Liu et al., 2017).

Clinical Effects, Treatment, Antivenoms See the Clinical Toxinology Resources Website

Lethal dose LD(50) is 0.24 mg/kg when intravenously injected into mice (Laustsen et al., 2015).
LD(50) is 0.34 mg/kg when subcutaneously injected into mice (Liu et al., 2017).

Infraorder:	Serpentes

Family:	Elapidae
Genus:	Naja
Species:	kaouthia

Naja kaouthia (monocled cobra) (taxid:8649)

Venom protein entries in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

CRISP family

Cystatin family

Flavin monoamine oxidase family, FIG1 subfamily

NGF-beta family

Ohanin/vespryn family

Phospholipase A2 family, Group I subfamily, D49 sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Ancestral subfamily, Orphan group II sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Long-chain subfamily, Type II alpha-neurotoxin sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily, Orphan group VIII (haditoxin) sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily, Orphan group XV sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily, Type C muscarinic toxin sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily, Type I alpha-neurotoxin sub-subfamily

Snake three-finger toxin family, Short-chain subfamily, Type IA cytotoxin sub-subfamily

Venom complement C3 homolog family

Venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIa sub-subfamily